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Diffstat (limited to 'doc/PKGBUILD.5.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/PKGBUILD.5.txt | 137 |
1 files changed, 77 insertions, 60 deletions
diff --git a/doc/PKGBUILD.5.txt b/doc/PKGBUILD.5.txt index c0fa5948..d9cf6230 100644 --- a/doc/PKGBUILD.5.txt +++ b/doc/PKGBUILD.5.txt @@ -16,12 +16,12 @@ PKGBUILD Description ----------- -This manual page is meant to describe general rules about PKGBUILDs. Once a +This manual page describes general rules about PKGBUILDs. Once a PKGBUILD is written, the actual package is built using makepkg and installed with pacman. -NOTE: An example PKGBUILD, useful for reference, is located in '{pkgdatadir}'. -Also located there are other example files such as a ChangeLog and an install +NOTE: An example PKGBUILD, useful for reference, is located in '{pkgdatadir}' +along with other example files such as a ChangeLog and an install script. You can copy the provided PKGBUILD.proto file to a new package build directory and make customizations to suit your needs. @@ -30,33 +30,33 @@ Options and Directives ---------------------- The following is a list of standard options and directives available for use in a PKGBUILD. These are all understood and interpreted by makepkg, and most -will be directly transferred to the built package. +of them will be directly transferred to the built package. If you need to create any custom variables for use in your build process, it is -recommended to name your custom variables with an '_' (underscore) prefix. +recommended to prefix their name with an '_' (underscore). This will prevent any possible name clashes with internal makepkg variables. For example, to store the base kernel version in a variable, use something similar to `$_basekernver`. *pkgname (array)*:: - The name of the package. This has be a unix-friendly name as it will be - used in the package filename. Members of the array are not allowed to start - with hyphens. + Either the name of the package or an array of names for split packages. + Because it will be used in the package filename, this has to be unix-friendly. + Members of the array are not allowed to start with hyphens. *pkgver*:: - The version of the software as released from the author (e.g. '2.7.1'). + The version of the software as released from the author (e.g., '2.7.1'). The variable is not allowed to contain colons or hyphens. *pkgrel*:: This is the release number specific to the Arch Linux release. This allows package maintainers to make updates to the package's configure - flags, for example. A pkgrel of '1' is typically used for each upstream - software release and is incremented for intermediate PKGBUILD updates. The + flags, for example. This is typically set to '1' for each new upstream + software release and incremented for intermediate PKGBUILD updates. The variable is not allowed to contain hyphens. *pkgdesc*:: This should be a brief description of the package and its functionality. - Try to keep the description to one line of text. + Try to keep the description to one line of text and not use the package's name. *epoch*:: Used to force the package to be seen as newer than any previous versions @@ -69,50 +69,49 @@ similar to `$_basekernver`. *url*:: This field contains a URL that is associated with the software being - packaged. This is typically the project's website. + packaged. Typically the project's website. *license (array)*:: This field specifies the license(s) that apply to the package. - Commonly-used licenses are found in '/usr/share/licenses/common'. If you + Commonly used licenses can be found in '/usr/share/licenses/common'. If you see the package's license there, simply reference it in the license - field (e.g. `license=('GPL')`). If the package provides a license not - found in '/usr/share/licenses/common', then you should include the license + field (e.g., `license=('GPL')`). If the package provides a license not + available in '/usr/share/licenses/common', then you should include it in the package itself and set `license=('custom')` or `license=('custom:LicenseName')`. The license should be placed in - '$pkgdir/usr/share/licenses/$pkgname' when building the package. If - multiple licenses are applicable for a package, list all of them: + '$pkgdir/usr/share/licenses/$pkgname/' when building the package. If + multiple licenses are applicable, list all of them: `license=('GPL' 'FDL')`. *install*:: Specifies a special install script that is to be included in the package. This file should reside in the same directory as the PKGBUILD, and will be copied into the package by makepkg. It does not need to be included - in the source array (e.g. `install=pkgname.install`). + in the source array (e.g., `install=pkgname.install`). *changelog*:: Specifies a changelog file that is to be included in the package. This file should reside in the same directory as the PKGBUILD, and will be copied into the package by makepkg. It does not need to be included - in the source array (e.g. `changelog=$pkgname.changelog`). + in the source array (e.g., `changelog=$pkgname.changelog`). *source (array)*:: An array of source files required to build the package. Source files - must either reside in the same directory as the PKGBUILD file, or be a - fully-qualified URL that makepkg will use to download the file. In order - to make the PKGBUILD as useful as possible, use the $pkgname and $pkgver - variables if possible when specifying the download location. Any files - that are compressed will automatically be extracted, unless found in - the noextract array listed below. + must either reside in the same directory as the PKGBUILD, or be a + fully-qualified URL that makepkg can use to download the file. + To make the PKGBUILD as useful as possible, use the `$pkgname` and `$pkgver` + variables if possible when specifying the download location. Compressed files + will be extracted automatically unless found in + the noextract array described below. + -It is also possible to specify an optional filename, which is helpful +It is also possible to change the name of the downloaded file, which is helpful with weird URLs and for handling multiple source files with the same name. The syntax is: `source=('filename::url')`. *noextract (array)*:: An array of filenames corresponding to those from the source array. Files listed here will not be extracted with the rest of the source files. This - is useful for packages which use compressed data which is downloaded but - not necessary to uncompress. + is useful for packages that use compressed data directly. *md5sums (array)*:: This array contains an MD5 hash for every source file specified in the @@ -133,31 +132,36 @@ name. The syntax is: `source=('filename::url')`. example, one could install all KDE packages by installing the 'kde' group. *arch (array)*:: - Defines on which architectures the given package is available (e.g. + Defines on which architectures the given package is available (e.g., `arch=('i686' 'x86_64')`). Packages that contain no architecture specific - files may use arch=('any'). + files should use arch=('any'). *backup (array)*:: - A space-delimited array of filenames, without preceding slashes, that + An array of filenames, without preceding slashes, that should be backed up if the package is removed or upgraded. This is commonly used for packages placing configuration files in /etc. See Handling Config Files in linkman:pacman[8] for more information. *depends (array)*:: - An array of packages that this package depends on to run. Packages in + An array of packages this package depends on to run. Entries in this list should be surrounded with single quotes and contain at least the package name. Entries can also include a version requirement of the form 'name<>version', where <> is one of five comparisons: >= (greater than or equal to), <= (less than or equal to), = (equal to), > (greater than), or < (less than). ++ +If the dependency name appears to be a library (ends with .so), makepkg will +try to find a binary that depends on the library in the built package and +append the version needed by the binary. Appending the version yourself +disables auto detection. *makedepends (array)*:: - An array of packages that this package depends on to build, but are not + An array of packages this package depends on to build but are not needed at runtime. Packages in this list follow the same format as depends. *checkdepends (array)*:: - An array of packages that this package depends on to run its test suite, + An array of packages this package depends on to run its test suite but are not needed at runtime. Packages in this list follow the same format as depends. These dependencies are only considered when the check() function is present and is to be run by makepkg. @@ -177,7 +181,7 @@ name. The syntax is: `source=('filename::url')`. same format as depends. Versioned conflicts are also supported. *provides (array)*:: - An array of ``virtual provisions'' that this package provides. This allows + An array of ``virtual provisions'' this package provides. This allows a package to provide dependencies other than its own package name. For example, the dcron package can provide 'cron', which allows packages to depend on 'cron' rather than 'dcron OR fcron'. @@ -186,9 +190,13 @@ name. The syntax is: `source=('filename::url')`. dependency of other packages. Provisions involving the '>' and '<' operators are invalid as only specific versions of a package may be provided. ++ +If the provision name appears to be a library (ends with .so), makepkg will +try to find the library in the built package and append the correct +version. Appending the version yourself disables auto detection. *replaces (array)*:: - An array of packages that this package should replace, and can be used + An array of packages this package should replace. This can be used to handle renamed/combined packages. For example, if the 'j2re' package is renamed to 'jre', this directive allows future upgrades to continue as expected even though the package has moved. Sysupgrade is currently @@ -223,6 +231,9 @@ name. The syntax is: `source=('filename::url')`. *zipman*;; Compress man and info pages with gzip. + *upx*;; + Compress binary executable files using UPX. + *ccache*;; Allow the use of ccache during build. More useful in its negative form `!ccache` with select packages that have problems building @@ -248,27 +259,27 @@ name. The syntax is: `source=('filename::url')`. build() Function ---------------- -In addition to the above directives, the optional build() bash function usually +In addition to the above directives, the optional build() function usually comprises the remainder of the PKGBUILD. This is directly sourced and executed by makepkg, so anything that bash or the system has available is available for use here. The function is run in `bash -e` mode, meaning any command that exits with a non-zero status will cause the function to exit. Be sure any exotic commands used are covered by `makedepends`. -All of the above variables such as `pkgname` and `pkgver` are available for use -in the build function. In addition, makepkg defines three variables for your -use during the build and install process. These three variables are as follows: +All of the above variables such as `$pkgname` and `$pkgver` are available for use +in the build function. In addition, makepkg defines the following three +variables for use during the build and install process: *startdir*:: - This contains the absolute path to the directory where the PKGBUILD was + This contains the absolute path to the directory where the PKGBUILD is located, which is usually the output of `$(pwd)` when makepkg is started. *srcdir*:: - This points to the directory where makepkg extracts or copies all source + This contains the directory where makepkg extracts, or copies, all source files. *pkgdir*:: - This points to the directory where makepkg bundles the installed package + This contains the directory where makepkg bundles the installed package (this directory will become the root directory of your built package). If you create any variables of your own in the build function, it is @@ -301,8 +312,8 @@ Each split package uses a corresponding packaging function with name `package_foo()`, where `foo` is the name of the split package. All options and directives for the split packages default to the global values -given within the PKGBUILD. However, some of these can be overridden within each -split package's packaging function. The following variables can be overridden: +given in the PKGBUILD. Nevertheless, the following ones can be overridden within +each split package's packaging function: `pkgver`, `pkgrel`, `pkgdesc`, `arch`, `license`, `groups`, `depends`, `optdepends`, `provides`, `conflicts`, `replaces`, `backup`, `options`, `install` and `changelog`. @@ -321,31 +332,37 @@ Pacman has the ability to store and execute a package-specific script when it installs, removes, or upgrades a package. This allows a package to configure itself after installation and perform an opposite action upon removal. -The exact time the script is run varies with each operation: +The exact time the script is run varies with each operation, and should be +self-explanatory. Note that during an upgrade operation, none of the install +or remove scripts will be called. + +Scripts are passed either one or two ``full version strings'', where a full +version string is either 'pkgver-pkgrel' or 'epoch:pkgver-pkgrel' if epoch is +non-zero. *pre_install*:: - script is run right before files are extracted. One argument is passed: - new package version. + Run right before files are extracted. One argument is passed: + new package full version string. *post_install*:: - script is run right after files are extracted. One argument is passed: - new package version. + Run right after files are extracted. One argument is passed: + new package full version string. *pre_upgrade*:: - script is run right before files are extracted. Two arguments are passed - in the following order: new package version, old package version. + Run right before files are extracted. Two arguments are passed in this + order: new package full version string, old package full version string. *post_upgrade*:: - script is run after files are extracted. Two arguments are passed - in the following order: new package version, old package version. + Run after files are extracted. Two arguments are passed in this order: + new package full version string, old package full version string. *pre_remove*:: - script is run right before files are removed. One argument is passed: - old package version. + Run right before files are removed. One argument is passed: + old package full version string. *post_remove*:: - script is run right after files are removed. One argument is passed: - old package version. + Run right after files are removed. One argument is passed: + old package full version string. To use this feature, create a file such as 'pkgname.install' and put it in the same directory as the PKGBUILD script. Then use the install directive: @@ -363,7 +380,7 @@ makepkg supports building development versions of packages without having to manually update the pkgver in the PKGBUILD. This was formerly done using the separate utility 'versionpkg'. In order to utilize this functionality, your PKGBUILD must use correct variable names depending on the SCM being fetched -from. +from (e.g., 'makepkg-git', 'mplayer-svn'). *CVS*:: The generated pkgver will be the date the package is built. |